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写作

方法论

  1. 背诵：10大必背范文

    alt text

    背文章比背段落好，背段落比背句子好，背句子比背词汇好。

    ==注：背得不熟，等于没背！==

  2. 四大背诵方法：

    1. 搞清逻辑脉络

    2. 背熟中文译文！！

    3. 多听英文录音

    4. 进行中英互译

  3. 默写：仔细对比原文，改正写作错误。

    大作文15分钟默写完

    小作文8分钟默写完，没有错误

  4. 仿写

  5. 印象原则

    书写工整，卷面整洁，字迹清晰

    ==练字！！！==

    写作用笔：0.7 或 1.0 黑色直液笔

    千万不要有任何修改

  6. 高分作文三大特点：

    没有模板

    没有错误/很少

    没有跑题

  7. 低分作文：

    模板太重

    卷面太差

    错误太多

    跑题太远

考研四大话题，8小话题

1 教育文化：21考

传统文化：5考

cultural exchange 文化交流
cultural blending/integration 文化融合
traditional Chinese culture

流行文化： 7考

TV advertisements 电视广告
idol worship 偶像崇拜
web addiction 上网成瘾
text message 手机短信
mobile phone subscription 手机入网
smart phone cell phone addiction 手机成瘾
mobile reading 手机阅读

教育： 9考

pursuing master's degree 考研
college entrance exam for adults 成人高考
graduate's choices 毕业选择
students working part-time 学生兼职
reading extensively 广泛读书
choosing difficult courses 选课
graduates's whereabouts 毕业去向
acquiring knowledge extensively 广泛学习知识
labor practice courses 劳动实践课

2 社会热点： 32考

政治、民族、宗教、军事、时事 不会考

英语1：重点关注前三个热点

健康： 7考

good health 良好的健康
smoking 吸烟
improve students's physical condition 改进学生身体状况
living habits 生活习惯
residents's exercising ways 居民锻炼方式
health literacy 健康素养
park 公园

两代关系： 5考

generation gap 代沟
doting care 溺爱
maltreatment of parents 虐待父母
to respect the old and care for the young 尊老爱幼
setting an example 做榜样

爱心： 5考

the "Project Hope" 希望工程
love 爱心
charity sale 慈善义卖
aiding rural primary school 帮助乡村小学

  1. 经济管理： 7考

    the telecommunication industry 电信产业
    automobile industry 汽车产业
    staff's job ==satisfaction== 员工工作满意度
    urban/rural population 城乡人口
    spending during the Spring Festival vacation 春节花销
    choosing restaurants 选择餐厅
    express delivery business 快递产业

  2. 旅游： 6考

    national day golden week 十一黄金周
    tourism and environmental protection 旅游与环保
    students's proposes for touring 大学生旅游目的
    visiting museums 参观博物馆
    recommending tourist attractions 推荐景点

  3. 交通： 2考

    traffic accidents 交通事故
    debates on traffic 关于交通的辩论

3 环境保护： 7考

city country 城乡
protecting wildlife 保护野生动物
ocean resources 海洋资源
limiting the use of plastic bags 限制使用塑料袋

4 人生哲理： 14考

英语1 最需要重视的话题

friendship 友谊
honesty 诚信
independence 独立
persistence 坚持
confidence 信心
teamwork 合作
optimism 乐观
making right choices 做出正确选择
taking actions 行动
facing difficulties bravely 勇于面对困难
open-mindedness 思想开明

话题关键词掌握拼写

小作文

建议信

建议信：给到访留学生的建议

On behalf of the students' union of Nanjing University, I share would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all the overseas students who will study in our university.

It is my great pleasure to offer you several parctical suggestions. In the first place, life in this prestigous university is perhaps not as easy as you have expected. You might be tightly bound with by daily classes, abundant homework and frequent exams. Thus, be prepared for the hectic life here. In the second place, in spide of all the burdens, various overcurricular extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests and social gatherings will still provide ample opportunities to make friends. So enjoy your life in this esteemed institute.

All in all, although there is a lot of pressure here, the time you spend on our campus will be worthwhile and enhance your whole life. Hope you like it here!

邀请信

邀请信：邀请教授作报告

On behalf of all the students of Nanjing University who share a interest in a love for language English English language, I cordually cordially invite you to give a lecture to us.

As you are one of the most outstanding expert experts in language English English language all over the world, I believe our students will not only be able to learn from you, but to be inspired by you. I hope We are hoping that you will be available for a lecture on our campus at 18:30 on January 4. There will be 45 minutes allocated for your lecture and another 15 minutes for a question-and-answer session.

If you are interested in this event, you can email me at 116864@qq.com. We are looking forward to meeting you.

感谢信

感谢信：感谢他人在困难之中的帮助

I'm writing to express my heartfelt grattitude gratitude. I'm referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was kicked off knocked off my bike by a taxi.

If it had not been your timely assistance to give in giving me the first aid, the consequences would have been much more serious(I fear that the consequences might have been very serious). Everyone agrees that it was is your quick-witted response in that emergency that had has led to this satisfactory outcome.

Although nowadays people in mounting numbers tell talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people act prective what they preach. If there were more people who were like you, the world would be a mucn nicer place.

素材本

高级替换

  1. 坚持 v.
    insist in/persist in/stick to
    persevere with/adhere to/cling to

    坚持 n.
    persistance
    perseverance
    ==Success often comes to those who demonstrate perseverance and determination.==

  2. 放弃 v.
    give up
    desert sth/doing...

  3. 改变 v.
    change/modify
    alter
    Nothing can alter the fact that...

  4. 焦躁 v.
    impatient/worried/conderned
    get in a stew(汤)

  5. 导致/产生 v.
    cause/result in/give rise to/lead to/bring about/introduce/generate
    好的：contribute to
    坏的：incur 中性：exert

  6. 诱惑 v. tempt - attract - appeal
    tempt/attract

    诱惑的 n.
    tempting/attractive

    诱惑 n.
    temptation(诱惑的事物)/appeal（吸引力）

  1. 重视 v.
    focus on
    lay emphasis on

  2. 重要的 a.
    important/significant/essential
    profound（深远的）/crucial/vital/critical

  3. 巨大的 a.
    huge/big/considerable/massive/giant
    profound（深远的）/enormous/tremendous/immense/vast

  4. 大量的 a.
    many/a plenty of/a lot of
    substantial/abundant/considerable/massive/plentiful/

  5. 好的 a.
    beneficial
    sweeping/favourable(万能)/ramarkable(特定语境)/ideal 高级词汇：sweeping：影响广泛的，席卷性的。表示很好的解决方案：a favourable solution -> a sweeping solution。表示很重要的问题：a vital/profound problem -> a sweeping problem

    补充：杰出的
    excellent/extraordinary
    unparalleled 无与伦比的
    exceptional 超乎寻常的 extraordinarily + 其他形容词 ： 超乎寻常地...

    补充：更好的
    better
    superior - He is superior to his competitors.

    补充：以下词语在特定语境使用，表示“优秀的，杰出的”：

    Exceptional Admirable Commendable Outstanding Remarkable Superior Splendid

    补充：以下词汇在特定语境使用，表示“积极的，乐观的”：

    Optimistic Upbeat Constructive Proactive Enthusiastic Positive-minded Forward-thinking Progressive Dynamic Energetic

  6. 不好的 a.
    harmful/unfavorable
    adverse(考研词汇)/detrimental(非考研难词)

    补充：将上述“好的”各个表述否定/倒转，成为不好的

  7. 好处和坏处 n.
    advantages adn disadvantages
    strengths and weaknesses；benefits and drawbacks；pros and cons；pluses and minuses

  8. 影响 v.
    influence/effect/impact
    Consequence（中性）
    导致好的影响：contribute to a crucial/vital/profound influence on; contribute to crucial consequences
    导致坏的影响：incur a adverse influence on; incur adverse consequences （中性）产生巨大影响：exert enormous influence on

  1. 应该做
    should
    be obliged to do

  2. 努力做 v.
    try/attempt/spare no efforts
    strive for/to do

  3. 竭尽全力
    try our best to
    do our utmost to

  4. 能够
    be able to
    be capable to

  5. 解决 v.
    solve/resolve
    address/tackle

  6. 可能
    possible
    likely

  7. 成功 v.
    succeed/be successful
    fulfill one's goal

  1. 著名的 a.
    famous
    prestigious/esteemed

  2. 越来越多的
    more and more
    a mounting number of/... in mounting numbers

  3. 人们
    people
    特殊语境：individuals(个人); the public(公众); residents(居民)/inhabitants(居民)/citizens(市民); Population(人口)

    habitat 栖息地

    补充：特定年龄人群

    the elder/the aged

    adolescents/youngsters

  4. 保护
    protect
    preserve

  1. 同意 v.
    agree with
    side with/approve

  2. 不同意 v.
    disagree
    disapprove/oppose to/object to

  3. 情况 n.
    situation/condition
    emergency/Circumstances

  4. 困境 n.
    difficulty/trouble
    dilemma

  5. 大约
    about
    some/approximate

  6. 用 v.
    use
    take advantage of

  7. 经常
    often
    tend to do 往往

  8. 决定 v.
    decide
    determine/opt in to sth 决定加入

  9. 关于
    about
    concerning

  1. 改变
    change
    modify

  2. There is no doubt that ...
    There is no exaggeration in my going on to say that ...

  3. This is a big problem
    This isn't to be alarmist 这不是危言耸听[写作]

  4. 可行的
    be able to/capable of be feasible to；be competent to

    可行性
    ability
    capability

  5. 非常
    very/extremely
    immensely/remarkably/incredibly/profoundly（深远深刻）/significantly notably

名言

The best way to bond with someone isn't doing a favor, it's asking for one.

Individualism is what makes coorperation worth living. 个人与集体的关系-强调个体

Sky is your limit. 前途无量

Einstein: Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere. 想象的重要性

Confucius: Do not impose others what you yourself do not desire. 己所不欲，勿施于人

The opposite of love is not hate, but indifference. 漠不关心

The most reliable way to predict the future is to create it.

Russel： It's coexistence or no existence. 人类命运共同体

Vague goals produce vague results.

表达

on good term 以一种良好的方式

encoded in one's DNA 与生俱来

It's a truth universally acknowledged, ...

The formula for victory. 胜利的方程式

make meaningful strides 取得长足进步

help or hinder our health 促进或阻止健康 boost/foster

Since 原因... , it is logical to assume that 结果 . （因为...，很合理地认为...）

I have no illusion about; We should not have any illusion about ... 不该有...的幻想

There are valid concerns about ... that if ... 人们有理由担忧...

This isn't to be alarmist 这不是危言耸听[写作]